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软件技术

Linux系统信息统计Shell脚本

aoarasi
aoarasi
2025-07-02 / 0 评论 / 0 点赞 / 8 阅读 / 0 字

1.背景

大多数情况下，我们希望在登录到Linux服务器后能够直观的看到服务器的各种参数信息，比如CPU、内存、硬盘等的占用信息，方便进行系统管理。比如像openEuler系统自带的登录信息展示：

img

目前已经有部分软件已经可以在登录的时候，直接展示系统详情，比如XTerminal，FinalShell等工具，如果需要自定义展示特定的内容，可以自行实现。

img

2.系统信息脚本1

我将openEuler的脚本从系统中拷贝出来，供大家修改使用，脚本名称：system_info.sh

#/bin/bash
#Copyright (c) [2019] Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
#generic-release is licensed under the Mulan PSL v2.
#You can use this software according to the terms and conditions of the Mulan PSL v2.
#You may obtain a copy of Mulan PSL v2 at:
#     http://license.coscl.org.cn/MulanPSL2
#THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR
#IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FIT FOR A PARTICULAR
#PURPOSE.
#See the Mulan PSL v2 for more details.

# Welcome
welcome=$(uname -r)

# Memory
memory_total=$(cat /proc/meminfo | awk '/^MemTotal:/ {printf($2)}')
memory_free=$(cat /proc/meminfo | awk '/^MemFree:/ { printf($2)}')
buffers=$(cat /proc/meminfo | awk '/^Buffers:/ { printf($2)}')
cached=$(cat /proc/meminfo | awk '/^Cached:/ { printf($2)}')
sreclaimable=$(cat /proc/meminfo | awk '/^SReclaimable:/ { printf($2)}')
swap_total=$(cat /proc/meminfo | awk '/^SwapTotal:/ { printf($2)}')
swap_free=$(cat /proc/meminfo | awk '/^SwapFree:/ { printf($2)}')


if [ $memory_total -gt 0 ]
then
    memory_usage=`echo "scale=1; ($memory_total - $memory_free - $buffers - $cached - $sreclaimable) * 100.0 / $memory_total" |bc`
    memory_usage="${memory_usage}%"
else
    memory_usage=0.0%
fi

# Swap memory
if [ $swap_total -gt 0 ]
then
    swap_mem=`echo "scale=1; ($swap_total - $swap_free) * 100.0 / $swap_total" |bc`
    swap_mem="${swap_mem}%"
else
    swap_mem=0.0%
fi

# Usage
usageof=$(df -h / | awk '/\// {print $(NF-1)}')

# System load
load_average=$(awk '{print $1}' /proc/loadavg)

# WHO I AM
whoiam=$(whoami)

# Time
time_cur=$(date)

# Processes
#processes=$(ps aux | wc -l)

# Users
user_num=$(users | wc -w)

# Ip address
ip_pre=""
if [ -x "/sbin/ip" ]
then
    ip_pre=$(/sbin/ip a | grep inet | grep -v "127.0.0.1" | grep -v inet6 | awk '{print $2}')
fi

echo -e "\n"
echo -e "Welcome to $welcome\n"
echo -e "System information as of time: \t$time_cur\n"
echo -e "System load: \t\033[0;33;40m$load_average\033[0m"
#echo -e "Processes: \t$processes"
echo -e "Memory used: \t$memory_usage"
echo -e "Swap used: \t$swap_mem"
echo -e "Usage On: \t$usageof"
for line in $ip_pre
do
    ip_address=${line%/*}
    echo -e "IP address: \t$ip_address"
done
echo -e "Users online: \t$user_num"
if [ "$whoiam" == "root" ]
then
    echo -e "\n"
else
    echo -e "To run a command as administrator(user \"root\"),use \"sudo <command>\"."
fi

这里脚本实现展示了操作系统信息、系统负载信息、内存信息、交换内存信息、硬盘使用信息和在线用户数等。可以在此基础上增加自己需要的功能。登录后实现效果如图，

img

3.系统信息脚本2

这个脚本从网上搜集而来，并在此基础上增加了公网IP显示功能。在使用前需要安装bc命令：

yum -y install bc

并将以下内容的脚本保存为system_info1.sh

#!/bin/bash

clear

LogFileName=polling.$(date +%F-%T)

    EchoFormat=$(for (( i=0;i<30;i++ ));do echo -n "=";done)

# 系统信息

SystemInfo(){

printf "${EchoFormat} 系统信息 ${EchoFormat}\n"

printf "系统类型: %-10s\n" $(uname -a| awk '{print $NF}')

    printf "系统版本: %-10s\n" "$(cat /etc/redhat-release)"

printf "内核信息: %-10s\n" $(uname -r)

    printf "主机名: %-10s\n" $(uname -n)

printf "编码格式: %-10s\n" ${LANG}

    printf "系统当前时间: %-10s %-10s\n" $(date +%F) $(date +%T)

    printf "系统运行负载: %-4s %-1s\n" $(uptime | awk -F: '{print $5 }'|awk -F, '{print $1,"%"}')

    printf "系统运行天数: %-10s\n" $(uptime |awk '{print $3}')

    printf "在线用户人数: %-3s\n" $(w|tail -n +3|wc -l)

printf "SELinux: %-10s\n" $(grep "SELINUX=[d|e|p]" /etc/selinux/config |awk -F= '{print $2}')

    echo -e "最后一次修改时间: $(uptime -p)"

echo -e "IP地址: $(hostname -I | cut -d' ' -f1)"

    echo -e "Cpu处理器: $(lscpu | grep "Model name:" | sed 's/Model name:\s*//')"

echo -e "内存空间: $(free -h | awk '/^Mem:/ { print $3 "/" $2 }')"

    echo -e "交换空间: $(free -h | awk '/^Swap:/ { print $3 "/" $2 }')"

}


# CPU信息

CpuInfo(){

MemonyId=$(top -b -n1|awk 'NR==3'|awk -F, '{print $4}'| cut -c 1-5)

    MemonyUse=$(echo "100-${MemonyId}" |bc)

    printf "${EchoFormat} CPU信息 ${EchoFormat}\n"

    printf "逻辑CPU核数: %-3s\n" $(grep "processor" /proc/cpuinfo|sort -u|wc -l)

printf "物理CPU核数: %-3s\n" $(grep "physical id" /proc/cpuinfo |sort -u|wc -l)

    printf "CPU架构: %-3s\n" $(uname -m)

printf "CPU设置型号: %-3s\n" "$(grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo |awk -F: '{print $2}'|sort -u|cut -c 2-50)"

    echo -e "CPU 1分钟负载: `awk  '{printf "%15s",$1}' /proc/loadavg`"

    echo -e "CPU 5分钟负载: `awk  '{printf "%15s",$2}' /proc/loadavg`"

    echo -e "CPU10分钟负载: `awk  '{printf "%15s",$3}' /proc/loadavg`"

    printf "使用CPU占比: %-1s %-1s\n" ${MemonyUse} %

printf "空闲CPU占比: %-1s %-1s\n" ${MemonyId} %

printf "占用CPU Top10信息:\n\n"

ps -eo user,pid,pcpu,pmem,args --sort=-pcpu  |head -n 10

}


# Memory信息

MemoryInfo(){

printf "${EchoFormat} 内存信息 ${EchoFormat}\n"

printf "总共内存: %-1s\n" $(free -mh|awk "NR==2"|awk '{print $2}')

    printf "使用内存: %-1s\n" $(free -mh|awk "NR==2"|awk '{print $3}')

    printf "剩余内存: %-1s\n" $(free -mh|awk "NR==2"|awk '{print $4}')

    printf "内存使用占比: %-1s %-1s\n" $(free | grep -i mem |awk '{print $6/$2*100}'|cut -c1-5) %

printf "占用内存排名前10的soft:\n\n"

ps -eo user,pid,pcpu,pmem,args --sort=-pmem  |head -n 10

}


# 磁盘使用量排序：

Disk_Info() {

printf "${EchoFormat} 各分区使用率 ${EchoFormat}\n"

df -h

echo

}


# Swap信息

SwapInfo(){

printf "${EchoFormat} Swap信息 ${EchoFormat}\n"

printf "Swap总大小: %-1s\n" $(free -mh|awk "NR==3"|awk '{print $2}')

    printf "已用Swap: %-1s\n" $(free -mh|awk "NR==3"|awk '{print $3}')

    printf "可用Swap: %-1s\n" $(free -mh|awk "NR==3"|awk '{print $4}')

}


# 网络信息

NetworkInfo(){

printf "${EchoFormat} 网络信息 ${EchoFormat}\n"

printf "IP地址: %-1s %-1s %-1s %-1s\n" $(ifconfig -a|grep inet|grep -v 127.0.0.1|grep -v inet6|awk '{print $2}'|tr -d "addr:")

    printf "网关: %-1s %-1s %-1s %-1s\n" $(ifconfig -a|grep "netmask"|grep -v 127.0.0.1|awk '{print $4}') 

    printf "DNS: %-1s %-1s %-1s %-1s %-1s\n" $(grep "nameserver" /etc/resolv.conf | awk '{print $2}')

if (ping -c2 -w2 www.baidu.com &>/dev/null);then

    printf "网络是否连通: %s\n" 是
    printf "公网IP地址: %s\n" $(curl -s ip.sb)  

else

    printf "网络是否连通: %s\n" 否

fi

}


# docker检查

DockerInfo(){

    printf "${EchoFormat} docker运行情况 ${EchoFormat}\n"

    printf "当前正在运行的容器：\n $(docker ps --format "{{.Names}}")\n"

    printf "当前没有运行的容器：\n $(docker ps --format "{{.Names}}"|grep Exited)\n"

}


#直接登录后打印

SystemInfo 

CpuInfo

MemoryInfo

Disk_Info

SwapInfo

NetworkInfo


#登录后进入查看模式

# All(){

# SystemInfo 

# CpuInfo

# MemoryInfo

# Disk_Info

# SwapInfo

# NetworkInfo

# }

# All >${LogFileName};less ${LogFileName}

效果展示：

img

img

img

4.脚本使用

可以把脚本放置在/etc/profile.d目录下，即可在开机时自动调用执行。

img

0
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版权归属： aoarasi
本文链接： https://blog.aoarasi.com/archives/1751467658509
许可协议： 本文使用《署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际 (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)》协议授权

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